Genghis+Khan

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=Synopsis=

Genghis Khan was born between the years 1155 and 1167 in the stepes of the country know today as Mongolia. He is best known for leading the Mongols, a group of nomadic people, into the largest empire the world has ever known.

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=Early Life=

Born as Temujin, the leader of the Mongols is more widely known as Genghis (or Chinggis) Khan. Temujin was born between the years 1155 and 1167. Temujin's family consisted of a mother, father, three brothers, one sister and two half-brothers. At the age of nine, his father arranged a marriage for him with Borte of the Onggirat tribe. His father died soon after.

Temujin married Borte when he was about 16, hoping to strengthen the alliance between the tribes. Though this was his first wife, Genghis Khan had many other wives and many children. Due to his father's death, Temujin lived in poverty when he was young; at the age of 10, Genghis Khan murdered Bekter, one of his half brothers,over a stolen fish. Despite his poor beginning, Temujin became an incredible leader and was eventually able to create the Mongol Empire. =Rise To Power=



Temujin was prematurely made clan leader due to his father being poisoned by the Tartars (a rival clan of the Mongols). Due to his young age, he lost support of ally chiefs. This loss of support and security caused Genghis Khan to be attacked by rival tribes, and forced him to take refuge in the mountains.

Genghis went to Toghrul,an //anda//(blood brother) of his father, in search of assistance. With the aid of other leaders, such as Toghrul, Genghis Khan was able to establish a prespectable clan and become a succesful leader. Some of the success is due to the way that Temujin ran his army. For example, Khan would distribute authority based on merit and loyalty in order to encourage obedience. Khan also brought defeated warriors into his rather than kill them; this assimilation allowed him to raise large armies relatively easily.

Despite having a previously healthy relationship with Toghrul, Temujin's alliance with him was broken due to Senggum, Toghrul's son. Senggum led his father to believe that it was unwise to remain allies with Temujin, and thus a plot to assassinate him was devised. Toghrul's plans were discovered and relayed to Temujin, which led to a series of battles. Toghrul allied with Jamugha, a childhood anda of Temujin//,// and together they made war with Temujin. Eventually, they and all other clans were defeated and brought under Temujin's rule.

In 1206, at a Kuriltai (tribal Council), Temujin was made Genghis Khan, ruler of the Mongols. =Later Years & Death= ==

= = or the his last conquest of his life, Genghis Khan and the Mongols went to take over the Kara Khi-tai in 1219, with support that was supposed to be given from the Xi-Xia ruler. To the dismayof the Mongols, the declined and instead chose to insult the Mongols by saying that shouldn’t attack others if they weren’t capable of winning on their own. Though the Mongols managed to attack Kara Khi-tai without the help of the Tanguts, the Mongols did not forget their “incompetence” as they saw in their eyes. Under the orders of Genghis Khan, 180,000 Mongol soldiers went to the Tangut region to punish them for their earlier comments with the added bonus of completing their halted conquest there from earlier years. After several months, the Mongols finally overran Xi-Xia and took over the Tangut Capital, but this came as a price, as Genghis Khan had been injured in a fight earlier, and became sick due to his wounds. With his final words being lectures to his sons about fighting over what will be left for them from the empire, Genghis Khan passed away in August of 1277. As a final tribute to their leader, the Mongols carried the body of Genghis Khan all the way back to Mongolia, whilst killing everything in their path, as were the wishes of the late Khagan.

=Accomplishments & Legacy=

Through the rule of Genghis Khan, the Mongols successfully conquered several portions of Asia and even pushing into the most eastern edges of the Middle East. Of the places conquered, they include the Western Xia Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Kara Khi-tai Empire, and the Khwarzm Empire. The land that the late Genghis Khan amassed was divided amongst his the son’s that he had left, and his grandson Batu who was an heir of Genghis Khan’s deceased son Jochi. In accordance to the preference of Genghis Khan, the Mongols convened at Karakorum and chose the new grand khan to be his third son, Ogedei, who was a worthy diplomat and manipulator. Due to his skills, Ogedei was able to direct the Mongols onto their desired path, and they were able to continue on with more campaigns and conquests.